Trehalose

Trehalose, additionally recognized as fenose and fungose, is a non-reducing disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules with the molecular system C12H22O11 [8]. The structural system of trehalose is α-D-glucopyranoside ~ α-D-glucopyranoside, which frequently exists as a dihydrate, and the molecular system is C12H22O11·2H2O.

Trehalose is a regular stress metabolite, which can structure a special defensive movie on the mobilephone floor below harsh environmental prerequisites such as excessive temperature, excessive cold, excessive osmotic stress and dry water loss, efficiently defending the shape of biomolecules from being destroyed, so as to preserve the existence manner and organic traits of residing organisms.

1. Stability and security

Trehalose is the most steady of herbal disaccharides. Because it is now not reductive, it has very desirable balance to warmness and acid base. When it coexists with amino acids and proteins, the Maillard response will now not show up even if heated, and it can be used to deal with meals and liquids that want to be heated or preserved at excessive temperature. Trehalose enters the human physique in the small gut and is decomposed with the aid of trehalase into two molecules of glucose, which is then utilized with the aid of human metabolism. It is an necessary electricity supply and really helpful to human fitness and safety.

2. Low moisture absorption

Trehalose additionally has low hygroscopic properties. When trehalose is positioned in a area with relative humidity above 90% for greater than 1 month, trehalose will additionally hardly ever take in moisture. Due to the low hygroscopicity of trehalose, the software of trehalose in this variety of meals can minimize the hygroscopicity of the food, therefore efficaciously extending the shelf lifestyles of the product.

3. High glass transition is stable

Trehalose has a greater glass transition temperature than different disaccharides, up to 115℃. Therefore, when trehalose is brought to different foods, its glass transition temperature can be efficaciously increased, and it is less complicated to structure a glass state. This property, blended with trehalose's procedure steadiness and low hygroscopic properties, makes it a excessive protein protectant and an best spray-dried taste maintainer.

4. Non-specific defensive impact on organic macromolecules and organisms

Trehalose is a ordinary stress metabolite shaped via organisms in response to modifications in exterior environment, which protects the physique in opposition to harsh exterior environment. At the identical time, trehalose can also be used to defend DNA molecules in organisms from harm prompted with the aid of radiation. Exogenous trehalose additionally has non-specific protecting outcomes on organisms. Its shielding mechanism is commonly believed to be that the section of the physique containing trehalose strongly binds water molecules, shares the binding water with membrane lipids, or trehalose itself acts as a replacement for membrane binding water, thereby stopping the degeneration of organic membranes and membrane proteins.